Exemple : Bulletins météo (XML, DTD, RNC, XSD)

ExempleInstance XML

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<meteo xmlns="http://foo.bar.org/xml-schemas/mtoSchema">
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    <obs num="PY54476VZ32">
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        <loc>Paris-Montsouris</loc>
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        <date>1998-10-22T15:31:05</date>
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        <temp unit="celsius">12.3</temp>
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        <hygro>88</hygro>
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        <nebulo>8</nebulo>
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        <anemo>3</anemo>
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        <pluvio>6</pluvio>
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    </obs>
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    <obs num="BM655S55">
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        <loc>Pic-du-midi-bigorre</loc>
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        <date>1998-10-22T15:33:10</date>
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        <temp unit="celsius">3.1</temp>
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        <hygro>55</hygro>
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        <nebulo>1</nebulo>
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        <anemo>48</anemo>
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        <pluvio>0</pluvio>
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        <message> Anémomètre primaire HS</message>
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    </obs>
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</meteo>

ExempleDTD (sans typage des données)

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<!ELEMENT meteo (obs)+>
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<!ATTLIST meteo xmlns CDATA #FIXED 'http://foo.bar.org/xml-schemas/mtoSchema'>
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<!ELEMENT obs (loc, date, temp?, hygro?, nebulo?, anemo?, pluvio?, message?) >
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<!ATTLIST obs num ID #REQUIRED>
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<!ELEMENT loc (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT date (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT temp (#PCDATA)>
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<!ATTLIST temp unit (celsius | farenheight | kelvin) 'celsius' >
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<!ELEMENT hygro (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT nebulo (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT anemo (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT pluvio (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT message (#PCDATA)>

ExempleRelaxNG compacte (avec typage grossier des données)

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namespace rng = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
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default namespace = "http://foo.bar.org/xml-schemas/mtoSchema"
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datatypes xsd = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes"
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start= Meteo
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Meteo = element meteo {Obs+}
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Obs = element obs {
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  element loc {text},
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  element date {xsd:dateTime},
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  element temp {TempType}?,
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  element hygro {Pourcent} ?,
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  element nebulo {xsd:decimal}?,
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  element anemo {xsd:decimal}?,
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  element pluvio {xsd:decimal}?,
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  element message {text}?,
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  attribute num {xsd:ID}
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}
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TempType = xsd:decimal, attribute unit {text}
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Pourcent = xsd:nonNegativeInteger { maxInclusive = "100" }

ExempleW3C XML Schema (avec typage fin des données)

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
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<xs:schema targetNamespace="http://foo.bar.org/xml-schemas/mtoSchema"
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    xmlns="http://foo.bar.org/xml-schemas/mtoSchema"
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    xmlns:mt="http://foo.bar.org/xml-schemas/mtoSchema" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
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    elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
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    <xs:element name="meteo" type="mt:meteoType"/>
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    <xs:complexType name="meteoType">
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        <xs:sequence>
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            <xs:element name="obs" type="mt:observation" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
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        </xs:sequence>
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    </xs:complexType>
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    <xs:complexType name="observation">
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        <xs:sequence>
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            <xs:element name="loc" type="xs:string"/>
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            <xs:element name="date" type="xs:dateTime"/>
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            <xs:element name="temp" type="mt:tempType" minOccurs="0"/>
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            <xs:element name="hygro" type="mt:pourcent" minOccurs="0"/>
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            <xs:element name="nebulo" type="mt:octal" minOccurs="0"/>
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            <xs:element name="anemo" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" minOccurs="0"/>
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            <xs:element name="pluvio" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" minOccurs="0"/>
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            <xs:element name="message" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>
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        </xs:sequence>
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        <xs:attribute name="num" type="xs:ID" use="required"/>
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    </xs:complexType>
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    <xs:simpleType name="octal">
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        <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
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            <xs:maxInclusive value="8"/>
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        </xs:restriction>
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    </xs:simpleType>
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    <xs:simpleType name="pourcent">
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        <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
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            <xs:maxInclusive value="100"/>
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        </xs:restriction>
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    </xs:simpleType>
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    <xs:simpleType name="decimalT">
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        <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
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            <xs:minInclusive value="-50.0"/>
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            <xs:maxInclusive value="+50.0"/>
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        </xs:restriction>
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    </xs:simpleType>
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    <xs:complexType name="tempType">
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        <xs:simpleContent>
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            <xs:extension base="mt:decimalT">
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                <xs:attribute name="unit" type="mt:tempUnit"/>
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            </xs:extension>
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        </xs:simpleContent>
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    </xs:complexType>
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    <xs:simpleType name="tempUnit">
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        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
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            <xs:enumeration value="celsius"/>
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            <xs:enumeration value="kelvin"/>
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            <xs:enumeration value="farenheight"/>
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        </xs:restriction>
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    </xs:simpleType>
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</xs:schema>
W3C XML Schema visualisé graphiquement dans l'éditeur Oxygen

Complément

Exemples : XML, DTD, W3C Schema, RelaxNG [zip]