Exemple : Carnet d'adresse (XML, DTD, Relax NG)

ExempleInstance XML

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?oxygen RNGSchema="adresse1.rnc" type="compact"?>
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<addressBook>
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    <card>
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        <name>John Smith</name>
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        <email>js@example.com</email>
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    </card>
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    <card>
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        <name>Fred Bloggs</name>
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        <email>fb@example.net</email>
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    </card>
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</addressBook>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?oxygen RNGSchema="adresse1.rnc" type="compact"?>
<addressBook>
    <card>
        <name>John Smith</name>
        <email>js@example.com</email>
    </card>
    <card>
        <name>Fred Bloggs</name>
        <email>fb@example.net</email>
    </card>
</addressBook>

ExempleDTD

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<!ELEMENT addressBook (card*)>
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<!ELEMENT card (name, email)>
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<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
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<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT addressBook (card*)>
<!ELEMENT card (name, email)>
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT email (#PCDATA)>

ExempleRelaxNG (version 1 : sans pattern, XML)

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<element name="addressBook" xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0">
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    <oneOrMore>
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        <element name="card">
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            <element name="name"><text/></element>
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            <element name="email"><text/></element>
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        </element>
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    </oneOrMore>
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</element>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<element name="addressBook" xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0">
    <oneOrMore>
        <element name="card">
            <element name="name"><text/></element>
            <element name="email"><text/></element>
        </element>
    </oneOrMore>
</element>

ExempleRelaxNG (version 1 : sans pattern, compacte)

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element addressBook {
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  element card {
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    element name { text },
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    element email { text }
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  }+
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}
element addressBook {
  element card {
    element name { text },
    element email { text }
  }+
}

ExempleRelaxNG (version 2 : avec pattern, XML)

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<grammar xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0">
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    <start>
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        <element name="addressBook">
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            <zeroOrMore>
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                <element name="card">
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                    <ref name="cardContent"/>
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                </element>
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            </zeroOrMore>
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        </element>
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    </start>
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    <define name="cardContent">
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        <element name="name">
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            <text/>
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        </element>
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        <element name="email">
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            <text/>
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        </element>
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    </define>
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</grammar>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<grammar xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0">
    <start>
        <element name="addressBook">
            <zeroOrMore>
                <element name="card">
                    <ref name="cardContent"/>
                </element>
            </zeroOrMore>
        </element>
    </start>
    <define name="cardContent">
        <element name="name">
            <text/>
        </element>
        <element name="email">
            <text/>
        </element>
    </define>
</grammar>

ExempleRelaxNG (version 2 : avec pattern, compacte)

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namespace rng = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
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start = AddressBook
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AddressBook = element addressBook { Card* }
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Card = element card { Name, Email }
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Name = element name { text }
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Email = element email { text }
namespace rng = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
start = AddressBook
AddressBook = element addressBook { Card* }
Card = element card { Name, Email }
Name = element name { text }
Email = element email { text }

ExempleRelaxNG (version 3 : avec datatype, XML)

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<grammar
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    xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
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    datatypeLibrary="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes">
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    <start>
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        <element name="addressBook">
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            <zeroOrMore>
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                <element name="card">
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                    <ref name="cardContent"/>
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                </element>
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            </zeroOrMore>
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        </element>
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    </start>
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    <define name="cardContent">
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        <element name="name">
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            <data type="string"/>
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        </element>
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        <element name="email">
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            <data type="anyURI"/>
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        </element>
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    </define>
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</grammar>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<grammar 
    xmlns="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
    datatypeLibrary="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes">
    <start>
        <element name="addressBook">
            <zeroOrMore>
                <element name="card">
                    <ref name="cardContent"/>
                </element>
            </zeroOrMore>
        </element>
    </start>
    <define name="cardContent">
        <element name="name">
            <data type="string"/>
        </element>
        <element name="email">
            <data type="anyURI"/>
        </element>
    </define>
</grammar>

ExempleRelaxNG (version 3 : avec datatype, compacte)

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namespace rng = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
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datatypes xsd = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes"
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start = AddressBook
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AddressBook = element addressBook { Card* }
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Card = element card { Name, Email }
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Name = element name { xsd:string }
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Email = element email { text }
namespace rng = "http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"
datatypes xsd = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes"
start = AddressBook
AddressBook = element addressBook { Card* }
Card = element card { Name, Email }
Name = element name { xsd:string }
Email = element email { text }

Complément

Exemples : XML, DTD, RelaxNG, XSLT [zip]